AI-RAN : USRP X410 配置

Spark 配置

安装Sionna-rk

git clone https://github.com/NVlabs/sionna-rk.git
cd sionna-rk

安装UHD（Orin平台请勿使用）

sudo apt install -y \
    autoconf automake build-essential ccache cmake cpufrequtils \
    doxygen ethtool g++ git inetutils-tools libboost-all-dev \
    libncurses6 libncurses-dev libusb-1.0-0 libusb-1.0-0-dev \
    libusb-dev python3-dev python3-mako python3-numpy python3-requests \
    python3-scipy python3-setuptools python3-ruamel.yaml ninja-build

git clone https://github.com/EttusResearch/uhd.git

cd host
mkdir build && cd build
cmake -DCMAKE_POLICY_DEFAULT_CMD0167=NEW -GNinja ..
ninja
ninja test
sudo ninja install

需要建立Python的索引

cd /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages
sudo vim uhd.pth

/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages

查看GPU信息

nvidia-smi

GPU信息显示如下：

Thu Nov 27 19:33:48 2025       
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 580.95.05              Driver Version: 580.95.05      CUDA Version: 13.0     |
+-----------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+
| GPU  Name                 Persistence-M | Bus-Id          Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan  Temp   Perf          Pwr:Usage/Cap |           Memory-Usage | GPU-Util  Compute M. |
|                                         |                        |               MIG M. |
|=========================================+========================+======================|
|   0  NVIDIA GB10                    On  |   0000000F:01:00.0  On |                  N/A |
| N/A   42C    P0              5W /  N/A  | Not Supported          |      0%      Default |
|                                         |                        |                  N/A |
+-----------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+

安装 cupy

pip install cupy-cuda13x --break-system-packages

如果要让Spark的网口速率固定为10G，请执行指令

sudo ethtool -s enP2p1s0f0np0 speed 10000 duplex full autoneg off

检查速率

sudo ethtool enP2p1s0f0np0 | grep -i speed

因为不存在速率自动协商的功能，所以需要手动配置好。

USRP X410 配置

当你第一次拿到USRP X410的时候，请按照下图所示的常规的连接方法进行接线。

将Spark和USRP都连接到同一台路由器中。
USRP的QSFP28口1和Spark的网口进行连接，注意正反。

在Spark中启动一下终端，然后在终端中运行

uhd_find_devices

会得到如下的输出

airan1@spark-bbdd:~$ uhd_find_devices 
[INFO] [UHD] linux; GNU C++ version 13.3.0; Boost_108300; UHD_4.9.0.0-75-g0f522267
--------------------------------------------------
-- UHD Device 0
--------------------------------------------------
Device Address:
    serial: XXXXXXX
    addr: 192.168.0.104
    claimed: False
    fpga: X4_200
    mgmt_addr: 192.168.0.104
    product: x410
    type: x4xx

然后输入指令进入终端

airan1@spark-bbdd:~$ ssh root@192.168.0.104
The authenticity of host '192.168.0.104 (192.168.0.104)' can't be established.
ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:tu6m3SUsvFbVQxtLQiGBU/5BuEO3QexkXl4BNUh+Ye0.
This key is not known by any other names.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.0.104' (XXXXXXX) to the list of known hosts.

进入终端之后，也可以查看设备信息

root@ni-x4xx-XXXXXXX:~# uhd_find_devices 
[INFO] [UHD] linux; GNU C++ version 9.2.0; Boost_107100; UHD_4.1.0.7-0-g8f9508f7
--------------------------------------------------
-- UHD Device 0
--------------------------------------------------
Device Address:
    serial: XXXXXXX
    claimed: False
    fpga: X4_200
    mgmt_addr: 127.0.0.1
    product: x410
    type: x4xx

完成之后，可以看到UHD得版本是4.1，可以来下载完整的镜像

root@ni-x4xx-XXXXXXX:~# uhd_images_downloader

下载完成之后，可以查看下载好的镜像

root@ni-x4xx-XXXXXXX:~# ls /usr/share/uhd/images/

在4.1版本中，是只能看到“X4_200”

为了能在Spark中使用，那么就需要安装和Spark一样的UHD版本。

更新文件系统

root@ni-x4xx-XXXXXXX:~# usrp_update_fs -t master

/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/usrp_mpm/rpc_server.py:24: MonkeyPatchWarning: Monkey-patching ssl after ssl has already been imported may lead to errors, including RecursionError on Python 3.6. It may also silently lead to incorrect behaviour on Python 3.7. Please monkey-patch earlier. See https://github.com/gevent/gevent/issues/1016. Modules that had direct imports (NOT patched): ['urllib3.contrib.pyopenssl (/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/pyopenssl.py)']. 
  monkey.patch_all()
Downloading manifest file from https://raw.githubusercontent.com/EttusResearch/uhd/master/images/manifest.txt...
[INFO] Using base URL: https://files.ettus.com/binaries/cache/
[INFO] Images destination: /usr/share/uhd/images
[INFO] Using manifest file at location: /tmp/tmpsb7jmy6_/manifest.txt
The file size for this target (438.3 MiB) exceeds the download limit (100.0 MiB). Continue downloading? [y/N]y
459548 kB / 459548 kB (100%) x4xx_common_mender_default-v4.9.0.0.zip
[INFO] Images download complete.
INFO[0000] Loaded configuration file: /etc/mender/mender.conf 
INFO[0000] Mender running on partition: /dev/mmcblk0p2  
INFO[0000] Start updating from local image file: [/usr/share/uhd/images/usrp_x4xx_fs.mender] 
Installing Artifact of size 466179072...
INFO[0000] No public key was provided for authenticating the artifact 
INFO[0000] Update Module path "/usr/share/mender/modules/v3" could not be opened (open /usr/share/mender/modules/v3: no such file or directory). Update modules will not be available 
INFO[0000] Opening device "/dev/mmcblk0p3" for writing  
INFO[0000] Native sector size of block device /dev/mmcblk0p3 is 512 bytes. Mender will write in chunks of 1048576 bytes 
................................   0% 1024 KiB
................................   0% 2048 KiB
................................   0% 3072 KiB
................................   0% 4096 KiB
................................   1% 5120 KiB
................................   1% 6144 KiB
................................   1% 7168 KiB
................................   1% 8192 KiB
................................   2% 9216 KiB
................................   X
................................   X
................................  97% 444416 KiB
................................  97% 445440 KiB
................................  98% 446464 KiB
................................  98% 447488 KiB
................................  98% 448512 KiB
................................  98% 449536 KiB
................................  98% 450560 KiB
................................  99% 451584 KiB
................................  99% 452608 KiB
................................  99% 453632 KiB
................................  99% 454656 KiB
..................INFO[0153] All bytes were successfully written to the new partition 
INFO[0153] The optimized block-device writer wrote a total of 3769 frames, where 1516 frames did need to be rewritten (i.e., skipped) 
INFO[0155] Wrote 3951034368/3951034368 bytes to the inactive partition 
               100% 455253 KiB
INFO[0155] Enabling partition with new image installed to be a boot candidate: 3 
Use -commit to update, or -rollback to roll back the update.
At least one payload requested a reboot of the device it updated.
Applied image. After reboot, check if everything works, and then run the command '$ mender -commit' to confirm (otherwise, this update will be undone).
Note: Any data stored in this partition will be not accessible after reboot.
Reboot now? [Yn] y
Will reboot now. Hit Ctrl-C before the countdown expires to cancel.
Rebooting in 3...
2...
1...
Connection to 192.168.0.104 closed by remote host.
Connection to 192.168.0.104 closed.

也可以指定UHD版本

usrp_update_fs -t v4.7.0.0

清除ssh的垃圾信息

ssh-keygen -f '/home/airan1/.ssh/known_hosts' -R '192.168.0.104'

重新ssh登陆X410

root@ni-x4xx-XXXXXXX:~# uhd_find_devices 
[INFO] [UHD] linux; GNU C++ version 11.5.0; Boost_107800; UHD_4.9.0.0-0-g006d7f76
--------------------------------------------------
-- UHD Device 0
--------------------------------------------------
Device Address:
    serial: XXXXXXX
    claimed: False
    fpga: X4_200
    mgmt_addr: 127.0.0.1
    name: ni-x4xx-34E40F5
    product: x410
    type: x4xx

查看对应的固件信息

root@ni-x4xx-XXXXXXX:~# ls /usr/share/uhd/images/
inventory.json		       usrp_x410_fpga_UC_200.dts.md5   usrp_x440_fpga_CG_1600.dts      usrp_x440_fpga_X4_1600.bit.md5  usrp_x440_fpga_X4_400.bit
usrp_x410_fpga_CG_400.bit      usrp_x410_fpga_UC_200.rpt       usrp_x440_fpga_CG_1600.dts.md5  usrp_x440_fpga_X4_1600.dts      usrp_x440_fpga_X4_400.bit.md5
usrp_x410_fpga_CG_400.bit.md5  usrp_x410_fpga_X4_200.bit       usrp_x440_fpga_CG_1600.rpt      usrp_x440_fpga_X4_1600.dts.md5  usrp_x440_fpga_X4_400.dts
usrp_x410_fpga_CG_400.dts      usrp_x410_fpga_X4_200.bit.md5   usrp_x440_fpga_CG_400.bit       usrp_x440_fpga_X4_1600.rpt      usrp_x440_fpga_X4_400.dts.md5
usrp_x410_fpga_CG_400.dts.md5  usrp_x410_fpga_X4_200.dts       usrp_x440_fpga_CG_400.bit.md5   usrp_x440_fpga_X4_200.bit       usrp_x440_fpga_X4_400.rpt
usrp_x410_fpga_CG_400.rpt      usrp_x410_fpga_X4_200.dts.md5   usrp_x440_fpga_CG_400.dts       usrp_x440_fpga_X4_200.bit.md5
usrp_x410_fpga_UC_200.bit      usrp_x410_fpga_X4_200.rpt       usrp_x440_fpga_CG_400.dts.md5   usrp_x440_fpga_X4_200.dts
usrp_x410_fpga_UC_200.bit.md5  usrp_x440_fpga_CG_1600.bit      usrp_x440_fpga_CG_400.rpt       usrp_x440_fpga_X4_200.dts.md5
usrp_x410_fpga_UC_200.dts      usrp_x440_fpga_CG_1600.bit.md5  usrp_x440_fpga_X4_1600.bit      usrp_x440_fpga_X4_200.rpt

固件类型

FPGA Image Flavor	Number of Channels	Bandwidth per Channel	QSFP28 Port 0 Interface	QSFP28 Port 1 Interface	DDC/DUC	DRAM
X4_200	4 (2 per ZBX)	200 MHz	4x 10 GbE (All Lanes)	Unused	Yes	Yes (4 GiB, 4-Ch Replay)
UC_200	4 (2 per ZBX)	200 MHz	Unused	100 GbE	Yes	Yes (4 GiB, 4-Ch Replay)
CG_400	4 (2 per ZBX)	400 MHz	100 GbE	100 GbE	No	No

烧写支持100G的固件

root@ni-x4xx-XXXXXXX:~# uhd_image_loader --args "type=x4xx,mgmt_addr=127.0.0.1,fpga=CG_400"

[INFO] [UHD] linux; GNU C++ version 11.5.0; Boost_107800; UHD_4.9.0.0-0-g006d7f76
[INFO] [MPMD] Initializing 1 device(s) in parallel with args: mgmt_addr=127.0.0.1,type=x4xx,product=x410,serial=XXXXXXX,name=ni-x4xx-XXXXXXX,fpga=X4_200,claimed=False,skip_init=1
[INFO] [MPM.main] Launching USRP/MPM, version: 4.9.0.0-g006d7f76
[INFO] [MPM.main] Spawning RPC process...
[INFO] [MPM.PeriphManager] Device serial number: XXXXXXX
[INFO] [MPM.PeriphManager.ClkMgr] Using Clock Configuration:
DB0: Master Clock Rate: 245.76 MSps @Converter Rate 2.94912 GHz
DB1: Master Clock Rate: 245.76 MSps @Converter Rate 2.94912 GHz
[INFO] [MPM.PeriphManager] Initialized 2 daughterboard(s).
[INFO] [MPM.PeriphManager] init() called with device args `boot_init=True,clock_source=internal,time_source=internal,initializing=True'.
[INFO] [MPM.RPCServer] RPC server ready!
[INFO] [MPM.RPCServer] Spawning watchdog task...
[INFO] [MPMD] Claimed device without full initialization.
[INFO] [MPMD IMAGE LOADER] Starting update. This may take a while.
[INFO] [MPM.PeriphManager] Installing component `fpga'
[INFO] [MPM.PeriphManager] Installing component `dts'
[INFO] [MPM.RPCServer] Resetting peripheral manager.
[INFO] [MPM.PeriphManager] Device serial number: XXXXXXX
[INFO] [MPM.PeriphManager.ClkMgr] Using Clock Configuration:
DB0: Master Clock Rate: 491.52 MSps @Converter Rate 2.94912 GHz
DB1: Master Clock Rate: 491.52 MSps @Converter Rate 2.94912 GHz
[INFO] [MPM.PeriphManager] Initialized 2 daughterboard(s).
[INFO] [MPM.PeriphManager] init() called with device args `boot_init=True,clock_source=internal,time_source=internal,initializing=True'.
[INFO] [MPMD IMAGE LOADER] Update component function succeeded.
[INFO] [MPMD] Initializing 1 device(s) in parallel with args: mgmt_addr=127.0.0.1,type=x4xx,product=x410,serial=XXXXXXX,name=ni-x4xx-34E40F5,fpga=CG_400,claimed=False,find_all=1
[INFO] [MPM.PeriphManager] init() called with device args `find_all=1,fpga=CG_400,mgmt_addr=127.0.0.1,name=ni-x4xx-XXXXXXX,product=x410,clock_source=internal,time_source=internal,initializing=True'.
[INFO] [0/Radio#0] Clocking reconfigured, running ADC Self Cal on DB0...
[INFO] [0/Radio#0] Calibrating channel 0...
[INFO] [0/Radio#0] Calibrating channel 1...
[INFO] [0/Radio#0] Calibrated 2 channels.
[INFO] [0/Radio#1] Clocking reconfigured, running ADC Self Cal on DB1...
[INFO] [0/Radio#1] Calibrating channel 2...
[INFO] [0/Radio#1] Calibrating channel 3...
[INFO] [0/Radio#1] Calibrated 2 channels.

再次查看固件的版本

root@ni-x4xx-XXXXXXX:~# uhd_find_devices 
[INFO] [UHD] linux; GNU C++ version 11.5.0; Boost_107800; UHD_4.9.0.0-0-g006d7f76
--------------------------------------------------
-- UHD Device 0
--------------------------------------------------
Device Address:
    serial: XXXXXXX
    claimed: False
    fpga: CG_400
    mgmt_addr: 127.0.0.1
    name: ni-x4xx-XXXXXXX
    product: x410
    type: x4xx

重启之后，是需要确认固件的，请执行该指令

root@ni-x4xx-XXXXXXX:~# mender commit
INFO[0000] Loaded configuration file: /etc/mender/mender.conf 
INFO[0000] 'UpdateControlMapExpirationTimeSeconds' is not set in the Mender configuration file. Falling back to the default of 2*UpdatePollIntervalSeconds 
INFO[0000] 'UpdateControlMapBootExpirationTimeSeconds' is not set in the Mender configuration file. Falling back to the default of 600 seconds 
INFO[0000] Mender running on partition: /dev/mmcblk0p3  
Committing Artifact...
INFO[0000] Executing script: ArtifactCommit_Enter_10_migrate-configuration 
INFO[0000] Committing update

在Spark中可以开启100G网口通道

配置100G网口的IP地址

注意IP地址：

Interface Name	Description	Default Configuration	Configuration File	Ex.: X4_xxx FPGA image	Ex.: CG_xxx FPGA image
`eth0`	RJ45	DHCP	eth0.network	DHCP	DHCP
`int0`	Internal	169.254.0.1/24	int0.network	169.254.0.1/24	169.254.0.1/24
`sfp0`	QSFP28 0 (4-lane interface or lane 0)	192.168.10.2/24	sfp0.network	192.168.10.2/24	192.168.10.2/24
`sfp0_1`	QSFP28 0 (lane 1)	192.168.11.2/24	sfp0_1.network	192.168.11.2/24	N/A
`sfp0_2`	QSFP28 0 (lane 2)	192.168.12.2/24	sfp0_2.network	192.168.12.2/24	N/A
`sfp0_3`	QSFP28 0 (lane 3)	192.168.13.2/24	sfp0_3.network	192.168.13.2/24	N/A
`sfp1`	QSFP28 1 (4-lane interface or lane 0)	192.168.20.2/24	sfp1.network	N/C	192.168.20.2/24
`sfp1_1`	QSFP28 1 (lane 1)	192.168.21.2/24	sfp1_1.network	N/C	N/A
`sfp1_2`	QSFP28 1 (lane 2)	192.168.22.2/24	sfp1_2.network	N/C	N/A
`sfp1_3`	QSFP28 1 (lane 3)	192.168.23.2/24	sfp1_3.network	N/C	N/A

切换到Spark中，在Spark的终端中运行

airan1@spark-bbdd:~$ uhd_find_devices 
[INFO] [UHD] linux; GNU C++ version 13.3.0; Boost_108300; UHD_4.9.0.0-75-g0f522267
--------------------------------------------------
-- UHD Device 0
--------------------------------------------------
Device Address:
    serial: XXXXXXX
    addr: 192.168.10.2
    claimed: False
    fpga: CG_400
    mgmt_addr: 192.168.0.104
    mgmt_addr: 192.168.10.2
    name: ni-x4xx-XXXXXXX
    product: x410
    type: x4xx

在输出中是可以看到已经显示出100G网口的IP信息了。

安装一下Gnuradio

sudo apt install gnuradio

运行基础的频谱软件

uhd_fft -f 2450M -s 500M

运行在cpu的软件，会存在一些丢包情况，不够连续。

系统配置

方法一，修改缓冲区的大小

sudo sysctl -w net.core.rmem_max=250000000
sudo sysctl -w net.core.wmem_max=250000000

查看修改之后的数值

sysctl net.core.rmem_max
sysctl net.core.wmem_max

方法二，持久化该配置

sudo nano /etc/sysctl.d/uhd.conf

写入如下的内容

net.core.rmem_max = 250000000
net.core.wmem_max = 250000000

保存后执行：

sudo sysctl --system

开启SCTP内核

echo sctp | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/sctp.conf

Docker增加信息

# Add Docker's official GPG key:
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
sudo curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc

# Add the repository to Apt sources:
echo \
  "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
  $(. /etc/os-release && echo "${UBUNTU_CODENAME:-$VERSION_CODENAME}") stable" | \
  sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

sudo nvidia-ctk runtime configure --runtime=docker
sudo systemctl restart docker

sudo usermod -aG docker $USER

加载镜像

docker load -i oai-amf-v2.1.0-1.2.tar
docker load -i oai-ausf-v2.1.0-1.2.tar
docker load -i oai-gnb-cuda.tar
docker load -i oai-lmf-v2.1.0-1.2.tar
docker load -i oai-nrf-v2.1.0-1.2.tar
docker load -i oai-nr-ue-cuda.tar
docker load -i oai-nssf-v2.1.0-1.2.tar
docker load -i oai-smf-v2.1.0-1.2.tar
docker load -i oai-udm-v2.1.0-1.2.tar
docker load -i oai-udr-v2.1.0-1.2.tar
docker load -i oai-upf-v2.1.0-1.2.tar
docker load -i ran-base-cuda.tar
docker load -i ran-build-cuda.tar
docker load -i trf-gen-cn5g.tar
docker load -i mysql-8-0.tar

Python API使用

创建USRP对象

import uhd
# X310、X410、Nxx系列单台设备
usrp = uhd.usrp.MultiUSRP("addr=192.168.10.2") 
# X310、X410、Nxx系列多台设备
usrp = uhd.usrp.MultiUSRP("addr=192.168.10.2,addr=192.168.10.3") 
# B210系列单台和多台
usrp = uhd.usrp.MultiUSRP("serial=30BF56C,serial=30BF573")

配置参考时钟（10 MHz 和 PPS）

usrp.set_clock_source("external")
usrp.set_time_source("external")

或者

usrp.set_clock_source("gpsdo")
usrp.set_time_source("gpsdo")

接收信号

samps = usrp.recv_num_samps(
    1e6, # Number of samples
    2.4e9, # Frequency in Hz
    1e6, # Sampling rate
    [0], # Receive on channel 0
    80, # 80 dB of RX gain
)

AI-RAN : USRP X410 配置

Spark 配置

USRP X410 配置

系统配置

Python API使用

更多文章

AI-RAN : USRP X410 配置

NVIDIA DGX Spark 产品规格书

Gravity：数字 10.525GHz 微波传感器（运动检测）

KrakenSDR 网页界面控制